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Planning and Woman Empowerment
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Classification of Plans
Physical Planning : Physical planning means planning in terms of physical resources i.e., brick, sand, soil and other resources to complete the project.

Perspective Planning : It refers to long-term planning in which long range targets are set in advance for a period of 15, 20 or 25 years. According to Indian Planning Commission, a Perspective Plan is a blue print of developments to be undertaken over a longer period.

Regional Planning : It pertains to regions, districts and localities being further split up into sectional plans for agriculture, industry, foreign trade, transportation etc.


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Classification of Plans
Imperative Planning : In this kind of planning, the central planning authority decides every aspect of the economy, to the minutest details, sets targets, the process to achieve them and these have to be strictly followed. This type of planning is mainly found in socialist economies.

Rolling Plan : In this kind of planning, within the long term prospective plans of 15-20 years there are 4 year or 5 year plans and within these there are annual plans. Prof. Myrdal was the first to advocate this for developing countries. Here every 3 new plans are made and acted upon. All these plans are reviewed and targets are also revised every year. Rolling plan was introduced by Janata Government on April 1, 1978 and was given up on April 1, 1980 by Indira Government.


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Classification of Plans
Indicative Planning : The planning authority sets the broad goals for the economy and broadly indicates the targets to be achieved.

Perspective Planning : It is a planning for long-term i.e., 10, 15 or 20 years. These perspective plans broadly define the direction in which they desire the economy to move in.

Decentralised Planning : It means planning at various levels which range from block to national level or multi-level planning. So there is greater integration between the development needs and priorities of smaller areas(micro-regions) and different social classes with the sub-national and national level development policies and goals. This micro-planning aims to bring planning closer to the people for more effective targeting of the plans.


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Initiatives for Empowerment of Women
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Initiatives for Empowerment of Women
Support to Training and Employment Programme foir Women (STEP)- 1986

Seeks to provide updated skills and new knowledge to poor assetless women in eight traditional sectors of employment, namely agriculture, animal husbandry, dairying, fisheries, handloom, handicraft, Khadi and village industry, and sericulture.

Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK) (National Credit Fund For Women) - 1993

It aims to facilitate credit support or micro-finance to poor women to start income generating activity such as in dairy, agriculture, shopkeeping, vending and handicrafts.


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Initiatives for Empowerment of Women
Swa-Shakti - 1998
Aims at enhancing womens access to resources for better quality of life through the use of drudgery and time reduction devices, health, literacy and imparting skills for confidence enhancement and income generating activities.

Swayasiddha
Formation of self-help groups (SHGs); access to micro credit and promoting micro-enterprises.

Swadhar- 2001-02
To provide holistic and integrated services to women in difficult circumstances such as destitute widow deserted by their families, women prisoner released from jail, women survivor of natural disasters etc. Scheme includes provision of food, clothing, shelter, health care and legal support; social and economic rehabilitation etc.


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Initiatives for Empowerment of Women
Gender Budgeting Scheme (GBS)
Introduced with a view to empower women.

Ujjwala - 2007
Aims at prevention of trafficking with five specific actions- prevention, rescue, rehabilitation, reintegration and repatriation of victims.

Dhan Laxmi - 2008
Conditional cash transfer scheme for the girl child to encourage families to educate girl children and to prevent child marriage.

Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (RGSEAG) - SABLA - 2010
Aimed at empowering adolescent girls of 11 to 18 years by improving their nutritional and health status, upgradation of home skills, life skills and vocational skills.

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Initiatives for Empowerment of Women
Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana (IGMSY) - 2010
Aims at improving the health and nutritional status of pregnant, lactating women and infants. A cash incentive of Rs. 4000 to women (19 years and above) for the first two live births.

National Mission for Empowerment of Women (NMEW) - 2010
Aims at empowerment of women socially, economically and educationally by securing convergence of schemes.

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Conclusion
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